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Definition
By Gregory R. Waryasz, MD
The syndesmotic ligaments of the musculoskeletal system are characterized by being the superior support complex of ankle.
It is part of the ankle joint. It consists of fibrous dense regular connective tissue of collagen fibers.
Its unique structural feature is that they are between the tibia and fibula. The ligaments include the anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament, posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament, transverse tibiofibular ligament, and the interosseous ligament.
The syndesmotic ligaments as well as all other bones, muscles, and ligaments of the body are derived of mesodermal origin in the embryo.
The function of the syndesmotic ligaments are to maintain ankle joint stability by maintaining structural support of the ankle mortise.
Common diseases include ligament tears/sprains and fractures.
Commonly used diagnostic procedures include clinical history, physical exam, and MRI.
It is usually treated with physical therapy and NSAIDs for sprains. Fractures and dislocations are often treated with surgery.
References
Elstrom J, Virkus W, Pankovich (eds), Handbook of Fractures (3rd edition), McGraw Hill, New York, NY, 2006.
Koval K, Zuckerman J (eds), Handbook of Fractures (3rd edition), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, 2006.
Lieberman J (ed), AAOS Comprehensive Orthopaedic Review, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2008.
Moore K, Dalley A (eds), Clinically Oriented Anatomy (5th edition), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, 2006.